Scaffold vertical-slice migration: Shared.Contracts, Shared.Application, MediatR

Begins the move to vertical-slice architecture. ResponseBody moves out of
API.Core into Shared.Contracts so slices won't have to depend on the API
host project for it. Shared.Application adds the MediatR pipeline's
ValidationBehavior plus the cross-slice email commands that Features.Auth
will send and Features.Emails will handle, keeping slices decoupled from
each other.

web/backend/API/API.Core/Controllers/ProtectedController.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 using System.Security.Claims;
-using API.Core.Contracts.Common;
+using Shared.Contracts;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;